All the evidence required is the mass of the object and the total kinetic energy the second stage can add to the object - rockets are like that: they don't care what they are pushing or in which direction - it's possible to get the required speed with a 20 ton payload. The idea was never proposed because of numerous reasons (one of them not thinking it would yield a better understanding of how the Orion heat shield works - they thought it was perfectly fine to test their theory with a crew on board, and I applaud their confidence).

There never was a shield test like this. The only other crewed capsule in operation today has had a few uncrewed flights without incident before taking astronauts on board, under much more forgiving reentry profiles. I sincerely hope the Artemis II shield shows no chipping and is well within the expected behaviors according to their current understanding, but, then, again, Artemis III will carry a new design, with changes informed by the first Artemis flight (and near failure - it was uncomfortably close to burning through the hull). And it will have astronauts on board on its first flight.

Doing a shield study on the lines I proposed would be politically complicated for NASA and would undoubtedly serve as an argument to further cut funding to Orion, as it would show they don't trust their designs, or don't completely understand them. I would also delay the next launch, which is, again, a politically charged thing.

I trust their math, but there are incentives for cutting corners here. Both Challenger and Columbia were lost because people forgot they were experimental vehicles operating under conditions we don't fully understand. They were treated like 737s.

> Every ambient condition that you need to track adds mental load

Thus it's wise to limit the complexity of your code. If it starts getting difficult, it might be time to break it down in smaller, more understandable, pieces.

RAVED is more likely. These things aren't cheap.

With a CNC you can make sure you'll get a uniform curvature.

> Get your shit together, play some Kerbal Space Program at least.

I assumed you had actual knowledge of how orbital mechanics work. Please, continue playing your kideogames.

A Falcon Heavy can deliver more than 20 tons to GEO and an Orion capsule weigths about 10 tons. GTO is usually about 10 km/s at perigee of 200 km, meaning even with a full payload, a FH can place an Orion at an orbit that coasts above most of the atmosphere at about 90% of the speed of a returning Orion - and that on a stable-ish orbit - a suborbital trajectory would allow a higher apogee and a higher return speed. Now assume my mechanical design skills allow me to mount the capsule with less than 10 tons of material - this would mean we still have enough propellant on the second stage to give the ship a sizable boost if we so wanted. As for the maximum thrust, a high apogee suborbital trajectory would allow plenty of time for that - a good couple hours at least. That's way more than the longest burn the Merlin engine is rated for. I could dig up the exact numbers for these parts, but the margins seem more than ample enough.

> Buddy, I don't have time for Elon fantasies.

I'm not impressed by your insults. Bring in the math.